![]() Innervation is provided by tibial, superficial fibular and deep fibular nerves. The arterial supply to the ankle joint is derived from the malleolar branches of the anterior tibial, posterior tibial and fibular arteries. Dorsiflexion – produced by the muscles in the anterior compartment of the leg (tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus and extensor digitorum longus).Plantarflexion – produced by the muscles in the posterior compartment of the leg (gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris and posterior tibialis).Eversion and inversion are produced at the other joints of the foot, such as the subtalar joint. Thus, plantarflexion and dorsiflexion are the main movements that occur at the ankle joint. The ankle joint is a hinge type joint, with movement permitted in one plane. For example, a fracture of the ankle joint may occur in association with ligament damage (which would not be apparent on x-ray). When dealing with an injury to the ankle joint, a clinician must bear this in mind. The sides of the ring are formed by the medial and lateral ligaments.Ī ring, when broken, usually breaks in two places (the best way of illustrating this is with a polo mint – it is very difficult to break one side without breaking the other).The lower part of the ring is formed by the subtalar joint (between the talus and the calcaneus).The upper part of the ring is formed by the articular surfaces of the tibia and fibula.These may show fractures missed by X-rays.The ankle joint and associated ligaments can be visualised as a ring in the coronal plane: A computed tomography (CT) scan may be needed to get a clear picture of your bones. ![]() A magnetic resonance imaging scan (MRI) may be needed to see if there is damage to the cartilage or associated soft tissues, ligaments or tendons. In growing children, sometimes the fracture occurs through the growth plate and is invisible on the X-ray. X-rays can show cracks in the bones and bone chips on the bone surface. ![]() X-rays usually are ordered first to see whether the anklebones have been fractured. Your doctor may move your ankle up, down, side-to-side and around in a circle to which positions are most painful. Your doctor will generally ask how you hurt your ankle, how it has felt since the injury, and whether you have injured your the ankle before and ask about your physical and athletic goals to help decide the best course of treatment.ĭoctors often can diagnose an ankle fracture by pressing around the ankle to see if there are any tender spots, bumps in the bones or swelling. Fortunately, most ankle fractures occur without a dislocation. Nondisplaced, where the bone cracks but the joint stays in place with your talus between the tibia and the fibula, orĭisplaced, where the broken bones are pulled out of their normal alignment in the joint (dislocated). The bump on the inside of your ankle, the medial malleolus, is less commonly fractured. The lateral malleolus is the bottom of the fibula, the smaller lower leg bone. The most common fracture is to the bony bump on the outside of the ankle, the lateral malleolus. When any of these bones are broken, you are said to have an ankle fracture. They carry the weight of your body and help keep you balanced on uneven ground. These joints, along with the ligaments that hold the bones together absorb all the stress your ankle receives as you walk, run or jump. This joint allows the ankle to move from side to side. It is the coming together of the talus above and the calcaneus (heel bone) below. The subtalar joint is the second part of the ankle. ![]() It is responsible for the up and down movement of the foot. It is the coming together of three bones: the fibula of the shin on the outside of the ankle the tibia, also of the shin, on the inside of the ankle and that talus bone underneath them. The portion that we usually mean when we refer to the ankle is called the true ankle joint. While we tend to talk about the ankle as if it were a single joint, it is actually two joints. ![]()
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